What is a basic solution?

A basic solution is a solution that has a pH greater than 7 and contains an excess of hydroxide ions (OH-) compared to hydrogen ions (H+). Basic solutions are also known as alkaline solutions.

Basic solutions are typically formed when a base is dissolved in water. Bases are substances that can donate hydroxide ions, such as metal hydroxides (e.g. sodium hydroxide) and ammonia. When a base is dissolved in water, it dissociates into its ions, releasing hydroxide ions into the solution.

Basic solutions have a slippery feel, a bitter taste, turn red litmus paper blue, and typically have a soapy or slippery texture. Common household examples of basic solutions include ammonia, bleach, and oven cleaner.

Basic solutions are important in various chemical reactions and industrial processes, such as in the production of soap, in neutralizing acids, and in water treatment. Maintaining the correct pH level in biological systems, such as the human body, is also crucial for health and proper functioning.